{"id":421,"date":"2018-02-12T08:39:09","date_gmt":"2018-02-12T08:39:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.classiciasacademy.com\/blog\/?p=421"},"modified":"2018-11-20T14:42:55","modified_gmt":"2018-11-20T09:12:55","slug":"tax-havens-and-global-forum","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.classiciasacademy.com\/blog\/tax-havens-and-global-forum\/","title":{"rendered":"Tax Havens and Global Forum"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3><a href=\"http:\/\/www.oecd.org\/tax\/transparency\/\">Tax Havens and Global Forum<\/a><\/h3>\n<h3>Background<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Global Forum has a strict peer review in its tax transparency mechanism across the world.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Yet it has few challenges to overcome.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The problem of black money stashed in tax havens (TH) has always been a serious issue for tax authorities across the world. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Tax evaders were confident that their tax authorities could never get any information about their foreign assets from TH. There were several reasons for this.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Powers of tax authorities are confined to their national borders. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">There was very limited cooperation among different tax authorities along with few legal tax treaties with TH for information exchange. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Strict bank secrecy laws in TH. Black money is substantial part of their GDP. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">There was no universally accepted institutional mechanism to deal with this problem.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">To tackle this problem, the <\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes (Global Forum<\/b><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">) was constituted in 2009. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The aim of the Global Forum was to ensure that all countries fully implement the international standards on tax transparency and exchange of information (EOI). <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Global Forum<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The Global Forum is the continuation of a forum which was created in the early 2000s in the context of the OECD\u2019s work to address the risks to tax compliance posed by non-cooperative jurisdictions. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The original members of the Global Forum consisted of OECD countries and jurisdictions that had agreed to implement transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The Global Forum was restructured in 2009 in response to the G20 call to strengthen implementation of these standards.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The Global Forum now has 146 members. It also works to establish a level playing field, even for non-members. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Standards on Exchange of Information<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Global Forum has a technical assistance programme for its members.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">There are two internationally agreed standards on exchange of information for tax purposes:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Exchange of Information on Request (EOIR)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Automatic Exchange of Information (AEOI)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Every country is peer reviewed on these standards. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">After review, a rating is awarded in following category: Compliant, Largely Compliant, Partly Compliant or Non-Compliant.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">These standards require that tax information should be exchanged in case situation emerges to enforce the domestic laws of the requesting country. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Global Forum has assigned ratings to 116 countries; the whole process has been very efficacious.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">India is a member of all three main working bodies of the Global Forum Steering Group, Peer Review Group (PRG) and AEOI Group. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">In fact, India is vice-chair of PRG and AEOI Group.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Peer Review Process<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The peer review process has led to elimination of bank secrecy in a large number of countries.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">At the start of the review process in 2016, there were 65 countries which had bank secrecy laws and so could not exchange banking information.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">This number has been reduced to a meager five countries at the end of 2016.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Working Process<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Suppose country X has domestic bank secrecy laws which prohibit the sharing of banking information with other countries.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">As this is against the international standards, an adverse rating will be awarded to country X during peer review.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">country X will then be persuaded to amend its legal systems as the adverse rating has a reputational effect; <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">International organizations such as World Bank and IMF do not grant assistance to a country if the rating is adverse.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Hence, all global forum members are persuaded to increase their bilateral EOI relationships with all relevant countries.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Challenges before Global Forum<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The Global Forum has been substantially successful in curbing the menace of tax evasion, however some challenges remain.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">It can only award an adverse rating and does not have the power to take direct action against any country in case of non-compliance of tax transparency standard.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Tax evaders are inventing new techniques of evasion; due to its multilateral nature it is difficult for the Global Forum to target such evasions.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Global Forum operates on the principle of \u201cconsensus\u201d implying that all countries should agree.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">This provision leads to less than optimal decision-making while deciding complex tax issues.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">There are still countries which are outside the purview of Global Forum and are being used by tax evaders.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p align=\"JUSTIFY\"><strong>Classic IAS Academy :<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Classic IAS Academy is an age old name in the list of <a href=\"http:\/\/www.classiciasacademy.com\/about.php\"><strong>IAS Coaching in Delhi<\/strong><\/a><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Calibri, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><b>.<\/b><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Calibri, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"> Just like an ordinary stone becomes a beautiful glittery diamond after proper cutting and polishing, <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Classic IAS Academy <\/span><span style=\"font-family: Calibri, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">honed my skills to make me a gem in the world of IAS. They made me aware of my own potential which helped me clear the IAS examination in a hassle-free manner. I would like to express my sincere gratitude to the <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Classic IAS Academy<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Calibri, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"> faculty members, who helped me sail through the rough times of preparation for this examination, in a calm and composed way.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div class=\"mh-excerpt\"><p>Tax Havens and Global Forum Background Global Forum has a strict peer review in its tax transparency mechanism across the world. Yet it has few <a class=\"mh-excerpt-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.classiciasacademy.com\/blog\/tax-havens-and-global-forum\/\" title=\"Tax Havens and Global Forum\">    [read more]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":422,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[84],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v22.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>best ias coaching in delhi, ias coaching in delhi - Classic IAS Academy<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Best IAS Coaching in Delhi \u2013 Classic IAS Academy is the best IAS Academy and Institute for civil services examination in Delhi for the students.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.classiciasacademy.com\/blog\/tax-havens-and-global-forum\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"best ias coaching in delhi, ias coaching in delhi - 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