{"id":260,"date":"2016-12-09T07:11:20","date_gmt":"2016-12-09T07:11:20","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.classiciasacademy.com\/blog\/?p=260"},"modified":"2024-06-05T17:27:19","modified_gmt":"2024-06-05T11:57:19","slug":"ngt-and-implementation-of-biodiversity-act-2002","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.classiciasacademy.com\/blog\/ngt-and-implementation-of-biodiversity-act-2002\/","title":{"rendered":"NGT and Implementation of Biodiversity Act 2002"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>In News:\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p align=\"JUSTIFY\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Book Antiqua', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">The Biological Diversity Act 2002 aims at preserving biological diversity in India.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p align=\"JUSTIFY\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Book Antiqua', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">The Act provides mechanism for equitable sharing of benefits arising out of the use of traditional biological resources and knowledge.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p align=\"JUSTIFY\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Book Antiqua', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">It seeks to set up Biodiversity Management Committees (BMCs) at the local level in every state under Section 41 of the Act. BMCs promote conservation, sustainable use and documentation of biological diversity.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p align=\"JUSTIFY\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Book Antiqua', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">There is also a People\u2019s Biodiversity Register (PBR) which records the diversity of flora and fauna.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p align=\"JUSTIFY\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Book Antiqua', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><i><b>India is facing massive biodiversity loss<\/b><\/i><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p align=\"JUSTIFY\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Book Antiqua', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">On an average, 333 acres of forest are legally diverted under Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980, each day.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p align=\"JUSTIFY\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Book Antiqua', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">This does not include forests which are illegally felled or encroached.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p align=\"JUSTIFY\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Book Antiqua', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">For construction of Amravati, Andhra Pradesh\u2019s state capital, 130 sq.km of forest is being diverted.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p align=\"JUSTIFY\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Book Antiqua', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">The Himalayas have become world\u2019s mountain range with most number of dams.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p align=\"JUSTIFY\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Book Antiqua', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">SC has called for \u2018species best interest standard\u2019\u2013 completely new standards for endangered species<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p align=\"JUSTIFY\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Book Antiqua', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">It includes the most threatened species like the Great Indian Bustard (GIB), the Bengal Florican, Manipur Brow-antlered deer, dugong and wild buffalo.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p align=\"JUSTIFY\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Book Antiqua', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Yet, in 2015, one rhinoceros was killed almost every two weeks in the Kaziranga National Park.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p align=\"JUSTIFY\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Book Antiqua', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">About 30 or less genetically pure wild buffaloes exist in central India.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p align=\"JUSTIFY\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Book Antiqua', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Great Indian Bustards are only now 150 in number<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p align=\"JUSTIFY\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Book Antiqua', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Thus, India is in the midst of an unacknowledged biodiversity crisis. But, it is ironic that Biodiversity Act is the most neglected of India\u2019s environmental laws as well as one of the least implemented.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p align=\"JUSTIFY\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Book Antiqua', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">The government\u2019s approach has been with apathy.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p align=\"JUSTIFY\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Book Antiqua', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">There is very limited judicial pronouncement and interpretation of environmental laws.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p align=\"JUSTIFY\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Book Antiqua', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Action by civil society is not much visible.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p align=\"JUSTIFY\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Book Antiqua', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Most of the Indian Forest Service Officers don\u2019t consider biodiversity as a lively area and desire for a more \u2018mainstream\u2019 post.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p align=\"JUSTIFY\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Book Antiqua', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><i>Scope of the act<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p align=\"JUSTIFY\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Book Antiqua', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">The act has immense potential to safeguard India\u2019s threatened biodiversity.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p align=\"JUSTIFY\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Book Antiqua', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">It provides for both centralized and decentralized institutional mechanisms for conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p align=\"JUSTIFY\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Book Antiqua', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">The National Biodiversity Authority at the apex level, State Biodiversity Board and BMC at the local level.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p align=\"JUSTIFY\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Book Antiqua', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Thus, it can be a potent tool in helping to conserve wildlife and wildlife habitat.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p align=\"JUSTIFY\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Book Antiqua', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">However, the problem is not at the constitution of biodiversity authorities at central or state level but at the BMC which has to perform diverse and critical functions.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p align=\"JUSTIFY\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Book Antiqua', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><i>Violations and opacity in Environment Impact Assessments (EIA)<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p align=\"JUSTIFY\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Book Antiqua', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">The Biodiversity act mandates impact assessment studies for activities like construction of dams, mining sites or diversion of land, which are likely to have an adverse impact on biodiversity, irrespective of the nature and scale of the proposed project.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p align=\"JUSTIFY\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Book Antiqua', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Yet, many projects in ecologically sensitive areas are able to circumvent the EIA process.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p align=\"JUSTIFY\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Book Antiqua', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">It has been observed that either EIAs are fraudulent or they are below the threshold limit.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p align=\"JUSTIFY\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Book Antiqua', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Arunachal Pradesh:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p align=\"JUSTIFY\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Book Antiqua', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">A riverine area was proposed for the construction of a dam.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p align=\"JUSTIFY\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Book Antiqua', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">The Monpa community of Tawang district struggled for three years to prove that it is one of the two wintering sites of the black-necked crane, a protected species held sacred by Buddhists.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p align=\"JUSTIFY\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Book Antiqua', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">The environmental consultant had deliberately avoided a reference to the species.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p align=\"JUSTIFY\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Book Antiqua', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Himachal Pradesh:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p align=\"JUSTIFY\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Book Antiqua', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">A series of hydropower projects are coming up in Himachal Pradesh.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p align=\"JUSTIFY\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Book Antiqua', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">The tribals of Kinnaur are struggling to protect the last remaining chilgoza (pine nut) trees from being lost in these development projects.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p align=\"JUSTIFY\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Book Antiqua', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Forest Department records do not mention the significant role the tree species plays in providing livelihood security to people.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p align=\"JUSTIFY\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Book Antiqua', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Uttarakhand:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p align=\"JUSTIFY\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Book Antiqua', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">The Lakhwar-Vyasi hydroelectric project is almost the size of the Tehri hydroelectric project. (1000 MW)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p align=\"JUSTIFY\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Book Antiqua', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">It means that an EIA is necessary for this project as it will have huge impact on land, people and biodiversity. One of the major impact will be stemming the flow of more than 50 km of the Yamuna River.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p align=\"JUSTIFY\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Book Antiqua', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Himalayas and the Western Ghats:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p align=\"JUSTIFY\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Book Antiqua', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">There are a series of dams existing and coming up in these areas.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p align=\"JUSTIFY\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Book Antiqua', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">They can have an adverse impact on aquatic biodiversity.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p align=\"JUSTIFY\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Book Antiqua', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Hence, new projects should be carried out after EIA is done.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p align=\"JUSTIFY\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Book Antiqua', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">However, the EIA law requires that only projects above 25 MW should undergo EIA. In an attempt to circumvent such laws, the cumulative impact of these projects on India\u2019s biodiversity becomes substantial, at times irreversible.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Which Institute is best for IAS study?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The <em>Classic IAS Academy<\/em> is known to be the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.classiciasacademy.com\/best-upsc-coaching-in-delhi\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><em><strong>best IAS coaching in Delhi<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>The institute helps a lot in shaping the career of a student. Our institute firstly analyze the capacity of students and then guide them in a very efficient manner.<\/p>\n<p>You can enroll here and can get best IAS coaching in Delhi. We have a team of dedicated and highly experienced teachers. The best aspect is that we provide scholarships to good candidates.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div class=\"mh-excerpt\"><p>In News:\u00a0 The Biological Diversity Act 2002 aims at preserving biological diversity in India. The Act provides mechanism for equitable sharing of benefits arising out <a class=\"mh-excerpt-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.classiciasacademy.com\/blog\/ngt-and-implementation-of-biodiversity-act-2002\/\" title=\"NGT and Implementation of Biodiversity Act 2002\">    [read more]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":261,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[84],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v22.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>NGT and Implementation of Biodiversity Act 2002<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"NGT and Implementation of Biodiversity Act 2002\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, 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